Sangatta Mining District

Located exactly in the middle of forest in east Kalimantan, it takes about 6 hours from city of Province, Samarinda, and 8 hours from the Domestic & International Airport Sepinggan in Balikpapan.Sangatta is a large facility of coal mining. Over 80 people of sangatta's citizens are came from outside of Kalimantan..Mostly come from Sulawesi (Celebes), Java and Australia. They all working for no 1 Coal Mining Company in Indonesia (and no 4 in the world), PT. Kaltim Prima Coal.

To go to Sangatta, can be taken by road using a car, or through the air by using an airplane. When using a car, it takes two hours' drive inland from the town of Bontang to Sangata, four hours from Samarinda or six hours from Balikpapan. Meanwhile, if taken through air travel from the airport Sepinggan, Balikpapan, Tanjung Bara to the airport, Sangata, takes one hour.

Sangatta have two main areas, called Swargabara and Tanjung Bara. At Tanjung Bara is built an elite resedential facility for an expatriate employee and family, honor visitor and its located near the Tanjung Bara Airport. Also superintendent rank and above stay there.
The company in this facility provide everything that needs for their employees. They have a clinic, church, mosque International school, and also a market called 'Town Hall'. Also They have several tour object like Kutai National Park (Taman Nasional Kutai), Lombok Bay Coast (Pantai Teluk Lombok), Prancis Bay Coast (Pantai Teluk Prancis).
Outside Swargabara and Tanjung Bara, there is a local area called Sangatta Lama. This is very interesting area, they have market, local clinic and hospital, more shop and restaurants with local dishes which is very delicious. Sangatta Lama is lead by the Bupati (district leader).

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Procedures and Methods of Mining

The mining process from discovery of an ore body through extraction of minerals, and returning the land back to its natural condition consists of several steps. First, is the ore body invention which is carried out through prospecting or exploration to find and then define the extent, location and value of the ore body. to estimate the size and grade of the deposit needs a mathematical resource estimation. This estimation is used to lead a possibility study to determine the economics theories of the ore deposit. This identifies, early on, whether further investment in estimation and engineering studies is warranted and identifies key risks and areas for further work.

The next step is to lead a possibilities study to evaluate the financial viability, technical and financial risks and endurance of the project. This step is when the mining company makes the decision to proceed the mine development or to walk away from the project. This includes mine planning to evaluate the economically recoverable portion of the deposit,
the metallurgy and the abillities of ore recovery, market and payments of the ore concentrates,
engineering matters, milling and infrastructure costs, finance and equity requirements and an analysis of the mine which proposed from the initial excavation through to the reclamation.

Once the analysis determines a given ore body is worth recovering,
development begins to build an access to the ore body. The mine buildings and processing plants
are built and any necessary equipment is obtained. The processes of the mine
from recover the ore begins and continues as long as the mining company finds that their economical condition is at stable state. Once all the ore that the mine can produce good profit is recovered, reclamation begins to make the land used by the mine suitable for future use.

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What is Mining?

Mining is the extraction or removal process of metals or minerals from ore body, vein or (coal) seam. Fabrics made from the mining activities are Manganese, tantalum, cassiterite, copper, tin, nickel, bauxite (aluminum ore) are just some examples of what is mined. Any material that can be grown from agricultural processes, or created artificially in a laboratory or factory, dismantled in the rule. Mining is also the extraction of a non-renewable resources (eg oil, natural gas, or water). We can say that mining is a good business. Not only the miners companies have their profits but also the government get their revenues. And workers have their incomes.

Other mining and metal since pre-historic done. Mining processes, modern exploration of deposits, analysis of the potential profitability of a mining project, the acquisition of required materials, and finally restoring the land for other purposes, a Once the mine closed. The nature of the extraction process and creates a potential negative impact on the environment both in mining and years after the mine is closed. These impacts are of most nations of the world led to the adoption of regulations to mitigate the negative consequences of the mining sector. Security has long been a concern as well, though modern mine safety practices have improved significantly. Mining is now in a position to ensure cost effective and minerals again with little negative effect on the environment.

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